The promised treats were always visible and the child knew that all she had to do to stop the agonizing wait was ring a bell to call the experimenter back-although in that case, she wouldn’t get the second treat. In the original test, which was administered at the Bing Nursery School, at Stanford, in the nineteen-sixties, Mischel’s team would present a child with a treat (marshmallows were just one option) and tell her that she could either eat the one treat immediately or wait alone in the room for several minutes until the researcher returned, at which point she could have two treats. Mischel’s story isn’t surprising-nicotine is addictive, and quitting is difficult-except for one thing: Mischel is the creator of the marshmallow test, one of the most famous experiments in the history of psychology, which is often cited as evidence of the importance of self-control.
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